Expressions

An expression is an arithmetical operation that delivers a result, which can then be assigned to a variable. The arithmetic expression may be composed of any numbers, further variables, function calls, brackets, and arithmetic operators.

The following operators are available in expressions:

=	Assigns the result right of the '=' to the variable left of the '='.
*+-/**	The usual mathematical operators. * and / have a higher priority than + and -.
%	Modulo operator, the integer remainder of a division.
\|	Bitwise OR, can be used to set certains bits in a variable.
^	Bitwise exclusive OR, can be used to toggle certain bits in a variable.
~	Bitwise invert, toggles all bits of a variable.
&	Bitwise AND, can be used to reset certains bits in a variable.
>>	Bitwise right shift, can be used to divide a positive integer value by 2.
<<	Bitwise left shift, can be used to multiply a positive integer value by 2.
()	Brackets, for defining the priority of mathematical operations. Always use brackets when priority matters!

Examples:

x = (a + 1) * b / c;
z = 10;
x = x >> 2; // divides x by 4
x = x << 3; // multiplies x by 8
x = fraction(x) << 10; // copies the fractional part of x (10 bits) into the integer part

Assignment operators

The "="-character can be combined with the basic operators:

+=	Adds the result right of the operator to the variable left of the operator.
-=	Subtracts the result right of the operator from the variable left of the operator.
*=	Multiplies the variable left of the operator by the result right of the operator.
/=	Divides the variable left of the operator by the result right of the operator.
%=	Sets the variable left of the operator to the remainder of the division by the result right of the operator.
\|=	Bitwise OR's the the result right of the operator and the variable left of the operator.
&=	Bitwise AND's the the result right of the operator and the variable left of the operator.
^=	Bitwise excöusive OR's the the result right of the operator and the variable left of the operator.
>>=	Bitwise right shift the variable left of the operator by the result right of the operator.
<<=	Bitwise left shift the variable left of the operator by the result right of the operator.

Increment and decrement operators

By placing a '++' at the end of a variable, 1 is added; by placing a '--', 1 is subtracted. This is a convenient shortcut for counting a variable up or down.

Examples:

x = x + 1; // add 1 to x
z += 1; // add 1 to x
x++; // add 1 to x (lite-C only)